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There are 3,220 Spanish words starting with G, and two very different second letters tie for the lead.
A and R take about twenty seven percent each, U fifteen, E ten, O nine and L six. The R and L shares are the GR and GL clusters.
G is hard before A, O and U but softens to a J sound before E and I. To keep it hard, Spanish inserts a silent U, giving GUERRA and GUITARRA.
That U is written but never pronounced. When it does need to be said, it takes a diaeresis, as in VERGÜENZA.
GENTE, GRACIAS, GUERRA, GRUPO and GUSTO cover four branches and include both the hard and the soft sound.
The useful split here is by sound rather than by letter. GA, GO, GU and the GUE and GUI forms are all hard, while GE and GI are soft and sound like J.
Without it the G would soften before the I and the word would sound like JITARRA. The U is there purely to keep the G hard.
The two dots over a U tell you to pronounce it after all. VERGÜENZA and PINGÜINO both need it, otherwise the U would stay silent.
No. GENTE begins with the soft sound, close to an English H or the Spanish J. GATO begins hard, like the G in got.
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